Hluav taws xob rhaub yog cov khoom siv hluav taws xob nrov thoob ntiaj teb.Nws yog siv rau cua sov, kev txuag hluav taws xob thiab cua sov ntawm cov dej ntws thiab gaseous media.Thaum cov cua sov nruab nrab dhau los ntawm cov cua sov ntawm lub rhaub hluav taws xob nyob rau hauv qhov kev txiav txim ntawm lub siab, lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm cov kua thermodynamics yog siv los uniformly tshem tawm cov cua kub loj uas tsim los ntawm cov hluav taws xob cua sov lub caij, kom qhov kub ntawm qhov nruab nrab cua sov tuaj yeem ua tau raws li qhov xav tau. tus neeg siv thev naus laus zis xav tau.
Cua sov tiv thaiv
Siv cov nyhuv Joule ntawm hluav taws xob tam sim no los hloov hluav taws xob hluav taws xob rau hauv thermal zog rau cov khoom cua sov.Feem ntau muab faib ua hluav taws xob tiv thaiv hluav taws xob thiab hluav taws xob tiv thaiv hluav taws xob.Lub zog hluav taws xob hluav taws xob ntawm qhov qub yog siv ncaj qha rau cov khoom kom sov, thiab thaum muaj qhov tam sim no ntws, cov khoom yuav tsum tau rhuab (xws li hluav taws xob cua sov hlau) yuav kub.Cov khoom uas tuaj yeem tiv taus cua sov ncaj qha yuav tsum yog cov khoom siv hluav taws xob siab.Txij li thaum tshav kub yog tsim los ntawm cov khoom rhuab nws tus kheej, nws belongs rau cov cua sov sab hauv, thiab cov thermal efficiency siab heev.Indirect kuj cua sov yuav tsum tau tshwj xeeb alloy cov ntaub ntawv los yog cov ntaub ntawv uas tsis yog-hlau los ua cua sov cov ntsiab lus, uas ua kom sov lub zog thiab xa mus rau cov khoom rhuab los ntawm hluav taws xob, convection thiab conduction.Txij li thaum cov khoom yuav tsum tau rhuab thiab lub cua sov lub sij hawm muab faib ua ob feem, hom ntawm cov khoom yuav tsum tau rhuab yog feem ntau tsis txwv, thiab kev khiav hauj lwm yog yooj yim.
Cov khoom siv rau lub caij cua sov ntawm cov cua sov tsis ncaj feem ntau yuav tsum muaj kev tiv thaiv siab, me me kub coefficient ntawm kev ua haujlwm, me me deformation ntawm qhov kub thiab tsis yooj yim rau embrittle.Feem ntau siv yog cov ntaub ntawv hlau xws li hlau-aluminium alloy, nickel-chromium alloy, thiab cov ntaub ntawv tsis yog xim hlau xws li silicon carbide thiab molybdenum disilicide.Kev ua haujlwm kub ntawm cov cua kub hlau tuaj yeem ncav cuag 1000 ~ 1500 ℃ raws li cov khoom siv;Kev ua haujlwm kub ntawm cov cua kub tsis yog hlau tuaj yeem ncav cuag 1500 ~ 1700 ℃.Lub tom kawg yog ib qho yooj yim rau nruab thiab tuaj yeem hloov tau los ntawm lub qhov cub kub, tab sis nws xav tau lub tshuab hluav taws xob hluav taws xob thaum ua haujlwm, thiab nws lub neej luv dua li cov khoom cua sov alloy.Nws yog feem ntau siv nyob rau hauv qhov kub thiab txias furnaces, qhov chaw uas kub tshaj qhov tso cai ua hauj lwm kub ntawm hlau cua sov ntsiab thiab qee lub sij hawm tshwj xeeb.
Induction cua sov
Tus neeg xyuas pib nws tus kheej yog rhuab los ntawm thermal nyhuv tsim los ntawm induced tam sim no (eddy tam sim no) generated los ntawm tus neeg xyuas pib nyob rau hauv alternating electromagnetic teb.Raws li cov txheej txheem cua sov sib txawv, qhov zaus ntawm AC fais fab mov siv hauv induction cua sov muaj xws li lub zog zaus (50-60 Hz), nruab nrab zaus (60-10000 Hz) thiab siab zaus (siab dua 10000 Hz).Lub hwj chim zaus fais fab mov yog AC fais fab mov feem ntau siv hauv kev lag luam, thiab feem ntau ntawm lub zog zaus hauv ntiaj teb yog 50 Hz.Qhov hluav taws xob siv rau cov cuab yeej induction los ntawm lub zog zaus fais fab mov rau induction cua sov yuav tsum adjustable.Raws li lub zog ntawm cov khoom siv cua sov thiab lub peev xwm ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob, lub zog hluav taws xob siab (6-10 kV) tuaj yeem siv los muab lub zog los ntawm kev hloov pauv;cov khoom siv cua sov kuj tseem tuaj yeem txuas ncaj qha mus rau 380-volt low-voltage power grid.
Lub tshuab hluav taws xob nruab nrab zaus tau siv lub tshuab hluav taws xob nruab nrab ntawm lub sijhawm ntev.Nws muaj lub tshuab hluav taws xob nruab nrab zaus thiab kev tsav tsheb asynchronous.Lub zog tso zis ntawm cov chav nyob no feem ntau yog nyob rau hauv thaj tsam ntawm 50 txog 1000 kilowatts.Nrog rau kev txhim kho lub zog hluav taws xob thev naus laus zis, thyristor inverter nruab nrab zaus fais fab mov tau siv.Qhov nruab nrab zaus fais fab mov no siv lub thyristor ua ntej hloov lub zog zaus hloov tam sim no mus rau qhov tam sim no ncaj qha, thiab tom qab ntawd hloov cov hluav taws xob ncaj qha mus rau qhov hloov tam sim no ntawm qhov xav tau zaus.Vim qhov me me, lub teeb yuag, tsis muaj suab nrov, txhim khu kev qha, thiab lwm yam ntawm cov khoom siv hloov pauv zaus, nws tau maj mam hloov lub tshuab hluav taws xob nruab nrab zaus.
Cov khoom siv hluav taws xob ntau zaus feem ntau siv lub tshuab hloov hluav taws xob los tsa peb-theem 380 volt voltage mus rau qhov hluav taws xob siab txog li 20,000 volts, thiab tom qab ntawd siv lub thyristor lossis high-voltage silicon rectifier los kho lub zog zaus hloov tam sim no mus rau qhov tam sim no ncaj qha, thiab tom qab ntawd siv lub tshuab hluav taws xob oscillator los kho lub zog zaus.Direct tam sim no hloov mus rau hauv high zaus, high voltage alternating tam sim no.Lub zog tso zis ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob ntau zaus ntawm kaum ntawm kilowatts mus rau ntau pua kilowatts.
Cov khoom rhuab los ntawm induction yuav tsum yog conductors.Thaum high-frequency alternating tam sim no dhau los ntawm tus neeg xyuas pib, tus neeg xyuas pib tsim cov nyhuv ntawm daim tawv nqaij, uas yog, qhov ceev tam sim no ntawm tus neeg xyuas pib loj, thiab qhov ceev tam sim no nyob rau hauv nruab nrab ntawm tus neeg xyuas pib yog me me.
Induction cua sov tuaj yeem ua kom sov cov khoom raws li tag nrho thiab txheej txheej;nws tuaj yeem smelt hlau;Nyob rau hauv lub siab zaus, hloov cov duab ntawm lub cua sov coil (tseem hu ua inductor), thiab tseem tuaj yeem ua cov cua sov hauv zos.
Arc cua sov
Siv qhov kub thiab txias tsim los ntawm arc los ua kom sov cov khoom.Arc yog qhov tshwm sim ntawm cov pa tawm ntawm ob lub electrodes.Qhov hluav taws xob ntawm lub arc tsis siab, tab sis qhov tam sim no loj heev, thiab nws cov tam sim no muaj zog yog tswj los ntawm ntau cov ions evaporated ntawm electrode, yog li cov arc tau yooj yim cuam tshuam los ntawm ib puag ncig magnetic teb.Thaum ib qho arc tsim ntawm cov electrodes, qhov kub ntawm arc kem tuaj yeem ncav cuag 3000-6000K, uas yog tsim rau kub kub smelting hlau.
Muaj ob hom arc cua sov, ncaj qha thiab tsis ncaj arc cua sov.Lub arc tam sim no ntawm hluav taws xob arc ncaj qha dhau los ntawm cov khoom yuav tsum tau rhuab, thiab cov khoom yuav tsum tau rhuab yuav tsum yog ib qho electrode los yog nruab nrab ntawm lub arc.Lub arc tam sim no ntawm indirect arc cua sov tsis dhau los ntawm cov khoom rhuab, thiab feem ntau yog rhuab los ntawm tshav kub radiated los ntawm arc.Cov yam ntxwv ntawm arc cua sov yog: siab arc kub thiab concentrated zog.Txawm li cas los xij, lub suab nrov ntawm lub arc yog loj, thiab nws cov yam ntxwv volt-ampere yog cov yam ntxwv tsis zoo (poob yam ntxwv).Txhawm rau kom muaj kev ruaj ntseg ntawm arc thaum lub arc yog rhuab, qhov tam sim no tus nqi ntawm qhov hluav taws xob hluav taws xob yog ntau dua li tus nqi hluav taws xob pib thaum lub arc tam sim no hla xoom, thiab txhawm rau txo qhov luv luv tam sim no, ib tug resistor ntawm ib tug tej yam nqi yuav tsum tau kev cob cog rua nyob rau hauv series nyob rau hauv lub hwj chim Circuit Court.
Electron Beam Cua sov
Qhov saum npoo ntawm cov khoom yog rhuab los ntawm bombarding nto ntawm cov khoom nrog electrons txav ntawm kev kub ceev nyob rau hauv qhov kev txiav txim ntawm ib tug hluav taws xob teb.Lub ntsiab tseem ceeb rau hluav taws xob hluav taws xob hluav taws xob yog lub tshuab hluav taws xob hluav taws xob, tseem hu ua phom hluav taws xob.Cov phom electron feem ntau yog tsim los ntawm cathode, condenser, anode, electromagnetic lens thiab deflection coil.Lub anode yog grounded, lub cathode txuas nrog rau qhov tsis zoo siab txoj hauj lwm, lub teeb tsom teeb feem ntau yog nyob rau tib lub peev xwm raws li cathode, thiab cov hluav taws xob nrawm yog tsim los ntawm cathode thiab anode.Cov electrons emitted los ntawm cathode yog ceev mus rau ib tug ceev ceev nyob rau hauv qhov kev txiav txim ntawm lub accelerating hluav taws xob teb, tsom los ntawm lub electromagnetic lens, thiab ces tswj los ntawm deflection coil, thiaj li hais tias lub electron beam yog coj mus rau lub rhuab khoom nyob rau hauv ib tug tej yam. kev taw qhia.
Qhov zoo ntawm cov kab hluav taws xob hluav taws xob cua sov yog: (1) Los ntawm kev tswj cov nqi tam sim no Ie ntawm cov hluav taws xob hluav taws xob, cov hluav taws xob hluav taws xob tuaj yeem hloov tau yooj yim thiab sai;(2) Qhov cua sov tuaj yeem hloov pauv dawb lossis thaj tsam ntawm qhov tawg ntawm qhov hluav taws xob tuaj yeem hloov kho dawb los ntawm kev siv lub lens electromagnetic;Ua kom lub zog ntom ntom kom cov khoom ntawm qhov chaw foob pob tawg evaporates tam sim ntawd.
Infrared Cua sov
Siv cov hluav taws xob infrared rau radiate cov khoom, tom qab cov khoom absorbs infrared rays, nws converts lub radiant zog mus rau hauv tshav kub zog thiab yog rhuab.
Infrared yog electromagnetic yoj.Nyob rau hauv lub hnub ci spectrum, sab nraum lub liab kawg ntawm pom lub teeb, nws yog ib tug invisible radiant zog.Nyob rau hauv lub electromagnetic spectrum, lub wavelength ntau ntawm infrared rays yog nyob nruab nrab ntawm 0.75 thiab 1000 microns, thiab ntau zaus ntawm 3 × 10 thiab 4 × 10 Hz.Hauv cov ntawv thov kev lag luam, cov spectrum infrared feem ntau muab faib ua ntau pawg: 0.75-3.0 microns nyob ze-infrared cheeb tsam;3.0-6.0 microns yog thaj chaw nruab nrab-infrared;6.0-15.0 microns yog thaj chaw deb-infrared;15.0-1000 microns yog cov cheeb tsam nyob deb-infrared cheeb tsam.Cov khoom sib txawv muaj peev xwm sib txawv los nqus cov kab hluav taws xob infrared, thiab txawm tias tib yam khoom muaj peev xwm sib txawv los nqus cov kab hluav taws xob sib txawv ntawm qhov sib txawv wavelength.Yog li ntawd, nyob rau hauv daim ntawv thov ntawm infrared cua sov, ib tug haum infrared hluav taws xob qhov chaw yuav tsum tau xaiv raws li hom ntawm cov khoom rhuab, thiaj li hais tias cov hluav taws xob lub zog yog concentrated nyob rau hauv lub nqus wavelength ntau yam ntawm cov khoom rhuab, thiaj li yuav tau ib tug zoo cua sov. nyhuv.
Lub tshuab hluav taws xob hluav taws xob hluav taws xob yog qhov tshwj xeeb ntawm cov cua sov ua kom sov, uas yog, hluav taws xob hluav taws xob yog tsim los ntawm cov ntaub ntawv xws li tungsten, hlau-nickel lossis nickel-chromium alloy ua lub tshuab hluav taws xob.Thaum muaj zog, nws tsim hluav taws xob hluav taws xob vim nws cov cua sov ua haujlwm.Feem ntau siv hluav taws xob hluav taws xob hluav taws xob hluav taws xob hluav taws xob hluav taws xob hluav taws xob yog hom teeb (hom kev xav), hom raj (quartz raj hom) thiab phaj hom (planar hom).Lub teeb hom yog lub teeb infrared nrog lub tungsten filament raws li lub tshuab hluav taws xob, thiab cov tungsten filament yog kaw rau hauv lub khob iav uas muaj roj inert, ib yam li lub teeb pom kev zoo tib yam.Tom qab lub tshuab hluav taws xob muaj zog, nws tsim cov cua sov (qhov kub thiab txias yog qis dua li cov teeb pom kev zoo), yog li emitting ib tug loj npaum li cas ntawm infrared rays nrog ib tug wavelength ntawm txog 1.2 microns.Yog hais tias ib tug reflective txheej yog coated nyob rau hauv lub puab phab ntsa ntawm lub iav plhaub, lub infrared rays yuav concentrated thiab radiated nyob rau hauv ib tug kev taw qhia, yog li ntawd lub teeb-hom infrared hluav taws xob qhov chaw kuj hu ua ib tug reflective infrared radiator.Lub raj ntawm lub raj-hom infrared hluav taws xob qhov chaw yog ua los ntawm quartz iav nrog tungsten hlau nyob rau hauv nruab nrab, yog li nws tseem hu ua quartz tube-hom infrared radiator.Lub wavelength ntawm infrared lub teeb emissions los ntawm lub teeb hom thiab raj hom yog nyob rau hauv ntau yam ntawm 0.7 mus rau 3 microns, thiab cov ua hauj lwm kub kuj yog tsawg.Cov nplaim hluav taws xob ntawm lub phaj-hom infrared hluav taws xob qhov chaw yog ib qho chaw tiaj tus, uas yog tsim los ntawm cov phaj tsis sib haum.Lub pem hauv ntej ntawm lub phaj tiv thaiv yog coated nrog ib cov khoom nrog ib tug loj reflection coefficient, thiab rov qab sab yog coated nrog ib tug me me reflection coefficient, yog li feem ntau ntawm lub tshav kub lub zog yog radiated los ntawm pem hauv ntej.Kev ua haujlwm kub ntawm cov phaj hom tuaj yeem ncav cuag ntau dua 1000 ℃, thiab nws tuaj yeem siv rau kev sib tsoo ntawm cov ntaub ntawv hlau thiab welds ntawm cov kav dej loj thiab cov thawv.
Vim tias cov kab hluav taws xob infrared muaj peev xwm nkag mus tau yooj yim, lawv tau yooj yim absorbed los ntawm cov khoom, thiab ib zaug absorbed los ntawm cov khoom, lawv tam sim ntawd hloov mus rau hauv tshav kub zog;lub zog poob ua ntej thiab tom qab cua sov infrared yog me me, qhov kub thiab txias yog yooj yim los tswj, thiab cov cua kub zoo yog siab.Yog li ntawd, daim ntawv thov ntawm cov cua sov infrared tau tsim sai heev.
Nruab nrab cua sov
Cov khoom siv insulating yog rhuab los ntawm qhov hluav taws xob ntau zaus.Cov khoom cua kub tseem ceeb yog dielectric.Thaum lub dielectric muab tso rau hauv ib qho kev hloov hluav taws xob, nws yuav rov qab polarized (nyob rau hauv qhov kev txiav txim ntawm hluav taws xob teb, qhov saum npoo los yog sab hauv ntawm dielectric yuav muaj qhov sib npaug thiab sib npaug), yog li hloov lub zog hluav taws xob hauv hluav taws xob rau hauv cua sov zog.
Qhov zaus ntawm qhov hluav taws xob siv rau dielectric cua sov yog siab heev.Nyob rau hauv nruab nrab, luv-yoj thiab ultra-short-wave bands, lub zaus yog los ntawm ob peb puas kilohertz mus rau 300 MHz, uas yog hu ua high-frequency nruab nrab cua sov.Yog tias nws siab tshaj 300 MHz thiab ncav cuag lub microwave band, nws yog hu ua microwave nruab nrab cua sov.Feem ntau high-frequency dielectric cua sov yog nqa tawm nyob rau hauv lub hluav taws xob teb ntawm ob tug polar daim hlau;Thaum lub microwave dielectric cua sov yog nqa tawm nyob rau hauv ib tug waveguide, ib tug resonant kab noj hniav los yog nyob rau hauv lub irradiation ntawm hluav taws xob teb ntawm lub microwave kav hlau txais xov.
Thaum lub dielectric yog rhuab nyob rau hauv ib tug high-frequency hluav taws xob teb, lub zog hluav taws xob absorbed ib chav tsev ntim yog P = 0.566fEεrtgδ × 10 (W / cm)
Yog hais tias qhia nyob rau hauv lub tshav kub, nws yuav yog:
H = 1.33fEεrtgδ × 10 (cal/sec·cm)
qhov twg f yog qhov zaus ntawm qhov hluav taws xob ntau zaus, εr yog qhov txheeb ze permittivity ntawm dielectric, δ yog lub dielectric poob lub kaum ntse ntse, thiab E yog lub zog hluav taws xob.Nws tuaj yeem pom los ntawm cov qauv uas lub zog hluav taws xob nqus los ntawm dielectric los ntawm qhov hluav taws xob ntau zaus yog proportional rau lub square ntawm lub zog hluav taws xob E, zaus f ntawm hluav taws xob teb, thiab poob lub kaum sab xis δ ntawm dielectric. .E thiab f yog txiav txim los ntawm daim ntawv thov hluav taws xob, thaum εr nyob ntawm cov khoom ntawm dielectric nws tus kheej.Yog li ntawd, cov khoom ntawm cov cua sov nruab nrab yog cov khoom tseem ceeb nrog qhov loj nruab nrab poob.
Nyob rau hauv dielectric cua sov, txij li thaum tshav kub yog generated nyob rau hauv lub dielectric (cov khoom yuav tsum tau rhuab), cua kub ceev yog ceev, lub thermal efficiency yog siab, thiab cov cua kub yog uniform piv nrog rau lwm cov cua sov sab nraud.
Media cua sov tuaj yeem siv rau hauv kev lag luam kom sov thermal gels, qhuav nplej, ntawv, ntoo, thiab lwm yam ntaub ntawv fibrous;Nws kuj tseem tuaj yeem ua cov yas ua ntej molding, nrog rau cov roj hmab vulcanization thiab kev sib txuas ntawm cov ntoo, yas, thiab lwm yam. Los ntawm kev xaiv cov khoom siv hluav taws xob tsim nyog thiab cov khoom siv, nws muaj peev xwm ua kom sov tsuas yog cov nplaum thaum cua sov cov plywood, tsis cuam tshuam rau lub plywood nws tus kheej. .Rau homogeneous cov ntaub ntawv, bulk cua sov yog ua tau.
Jiangsu Weineng Electric Co., Ltd yog cov chaw tsim khoom ntawm ntau hom kev lag luam hluav taws xob cua sov, txhua yam yog customized hauv peb lub Hoobkas, koj puas tuaj yeem ua siab zoo qhia koj cov ncauj lus kom ntxaws, tom qab ntawd peb tuaj yeem tshawb xyuas cov ntsiab lus thiab tsim qauv rau koj.
Hu rau: Lorena
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Lub sij hawm xa tuaj: Mar-11-2022